diff --git a/src/core/Util.ts b/src/core/Util.ts
index 82be316dc..7b40d0d2b 100644
--- a/src/core/Util.ts
+++ b/src/core/Util.ts
@@ -306,3 +306,19 @@ export function generateID(): GameID {
   );
   return nanoid();
 }
+
+export function toInt(num: number): bigint {
+  return BigInt(Math.floor(num));
+}
+
+export function maxInt(a: bigint, b: bigint): bigint {
+  return a > b ? a : b;
+}
+
+export function minInt(a: bigint, b: bigint): bigint {
+  return a < b ? a : b;
+}
+export function withinInt(num: bigint, min: bigint, max: bigint): bigint {
+  const atLeastMin = maxInt(num, min);
+  return minInt(atLeastMin, max);
+}
diff --git a/src/core/execution/PlayerExecution.ts b/src/core/execution/PlayerExecution.ts
index c2b3163cc..275e27d91 100644
--- a/src/core/execution/PlayerExecution.ts
+++ b/src/core/execution/PlayerExecution.ts
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export class PlayerExecution implements Execution {
     }
 
     const popInc = this.config.populationIncreaseRate(this.player);
-    this.player.addWorkers(popInc * (1 - this.player.targetTroopRatio())); // (1 - this.player.targetTroopRatio()))
+    this.player.addWorkers(popInc * (1 - this.player.targetTroopRatio()));
     this.player.addTroops(popInc * this.player.targetTroopRatio());
     this.player.addGold(this.config.goldAdditionRate(this.player));
     const adjustRate = this.config.troopAdjustmentRate(this.player);
diff --git a/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts b/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
index 0ca8e55ee..1c5801512 100644
--- a/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
@@ -26,9 +26,12 @@ import {
   assertNever,
   closestOceanShoreFromPlayer,
   distSortUnit,
+  maxInt,
+  minInt,
   simpleHash,
   sourceDstOceanShore,
   targetTransportTile,
+  toInt,
   within,
 } from "../Util";
 import { CellString, GameImpl } from "./GameImpl";
@@ -37,7 +40,6 @@ import { MessageType } from "./Game";
 import { renderTroops } from "../../client/Utils";
 import { TerraNulliusImpl } from "./TerraNulliusImpl";
 import { andFN, manhattanDistFN, TileRef } from "./GameMap";
-import { Emoji } from "discord.js";
 import { AttackImpl } from "./AttackImpl";
 
 interface Target {
@@ -55,10 +57,12 @@ class Donation {
 export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
   public _lastTileChange: number = 0;
 
-  private _gold: Gold;
-  private _troops: number;
-  private _workers: number;
-  private _targetTroopRatio: number = 1;
+  private _gold: bigint;
+  private _troops: bigint;
+  private _workers: bigint;
+
+  // 0 to 100
+  private _targetTroopRatio: bigint = 100n;
 
   isTraitor_ = false;
 
@@ -88,14 +92,14 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
     private mg: GameImpl,
     private _smallID: number,
     private readonly playerInfo: PlayerInfo,
-    startPopulation: number,
+    startTroops: number,
   ) {
     this._flag = playerInfo.flag;
     this._name = playerInfo.name;
-    this._targetTroopRatio = 1;
-    this._troops = startPopulation * this._targetTroopRatio;
-    this._workers = startPopulation * (1 - this._targetTroopRatio);
-    this._gold = 0;
+    this._targetTroopRatio = 100n;
+    this._troops = toInt(startTroops);
+    this._workers = 0n;
+    this._gold = 0n;
     this._displayName = this._name; // processName(this._name)
   }
 
@@ -117,7 +121,7 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
       playerType: this.type(),
       isAlive: this.isAlive(),
       tilesOwned: this.numTilesOwned(),
-      gold: this._gold,
+      gold: Number(this._gold),
       population: this.population(),
       workers: this.workers(),
       troops: this.troops(),
@@ -234,7 +238,7 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
     return true as const;
   }
   setTroops(troops: number) {
-    this._troops = Math.floor(troops);
+    this._troops = toInt(troops);
   }
   conquer(tile: TileRef) {
     this.mg.conquer(this, tile);
@@ -503,11 +507,11 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
   }
 
   gold(): Gold {
-    return this._gold;
+    return Number(this._gold);
   }
 
   addGold(toAdd: Gold): void {
-    this._gold += toAdd;
+    this._gold += toInt(toAdd);
   }
 
   removeGold(toRemove: Gold): void {
@@ -516,24 +520,24 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
         `Player ${this} does not enough gold (${toRemove} vs ${this._gold}))`,
       );
     }
-    this._gold -= toRemove;
+    this._gold -= toInt(toRemove);
   }
 
   population(): number {
-    return this._troops + this._workers;
+    return Number(this._troops + this._workers);
   }
   workers(): number {
-    return Math.max(1, this._workers);
+    return Math.max(1, Number(this._workers));
   }
   addWorkers(toAdd: number): void {
-    this._workers += toAdd;
+    this._workers += toInt(toAdd);
   }
   removeWorkers(toRemove: number): void {
-    this._workers = Math.max(1, this._workers - toRemove);
+    this._workers = maxInt(1n, this._workers - toInt(toRemove));
   }
 
   targetTroopRatio(): number {
-    return this._targetTroopRatio;
+    return Number(this._targetTroopRatio) / 100;
   }
 
   setTargetTroopRatio(target: number): void {
@@ -542,11 +546,11 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
         `invalid targetTroopRatio ${target} set on player ${PlayerImpl}`,
       );
     }
-    this._targetTroopRatio = target;
+    this._targetTroopRatio = toInt(target * 100);
   }
 
   troops(): number {
-    return this._troops;
+    return Number(this._troops);
   }
 
   addTroops(troops: number): void {
@@ -554,15 +558,15 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
       this.removeTroops(-1 * troops);
       return;
     }
-    this._troops += Math.floor(troops);
+    this._troops += toInt(troops);
   }
   removeTroops(troops: number): number {
     if (troops <= 1) {
       return 0;
     }
-    const toRemove = Math.floor(Math.min(this._troops - 1, troops));
+    const toRemove = minInt(this._troops, toInt(troops));
     this._troops -= toRemove;
-    return toRemove;
+    return Number(toRemove);
   }
 
   captureUnit(unit: Unit): void {
diff --git a/src/core/game/UnitImpl.ts b/src/core/game/UnitImpl.ts
index 06aa50d9c..baa5f1f05 100644
--- a/src/core/game/UnitImpl.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/UnitImpl.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { MessageType } from "./Game";
 import { UnitUpdate } from "./GameUpdates";
 import { GameUpdateType } from "./GameUpdates";
-import { simpleHash, within } from "../Util";
+import { simpleHash, toInt, within, withinInt } from "../Util";
 import { Unit, TerraNullius, UnitType, Player, UnitInfo } from "./Game";
 import { GameImpl } from "./GameImpl";
 import { PlayerImpl } from "./PlayerImpl";
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import { TileRef } from "./GameMap";
 
 export class UnitImpl implements Unit {
   private _active = true;
-  private _health: number;
+  private _health: bigint;
   private _lastTile: TileRef = null;
 
   private _constructionType: UnitType = undefined;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export class UnitImpl implements Unit {
       isActive: this._active,
       pos: this._tile,
       lastPos: this._lastTile,
-      health: this.hasHealth() ? this._health : undefined,
+      health: this.hasHealth() ? Number(this._health) : undefined,
       constructionType: this._constructionType,
     };
   }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export class UnitImpl implements Unit {
     return this._troops;
   }
   health(): number {
-    return this._health;
+    return Number(this._health);
   }
   hasHealth(): boolean {
     return this.info().maxHealth != undefined;
@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@ export class UnitImpl implements Unit {
   }
 
   modifyHealth(delta: number): void {
-    this._health = within(this._health + delta, 0, this.info().maxHealth ?? 1);
+    this._health = withinInt(
+      this._health + toInt(delta),
+      0n,
+      toInt(this.info().maxHealth ?? 1),
+    );
   }
 
   delete(displayMessage: boolean = true): void {