diff --git a/eslint.config.js b/eslint.config.js
index 65bf69bd7..7df719abe 100644
--- a/eslint.config.js
+++ b/eslint.config.js
@@ -99,10 +99,7 @@ export default [
       "function-call-argument-newline": ["error", "consistent"],
       "max-depth": ["error", { max: 5 }],
       "max-len": ["error", { code: 120 }],
-      "max-lines": [
-        "error",
-        { max: 676, skipBlankLines: true, skipComments: true },
-      ],
+      "max-lines": ["error", { max: 677, skipBlankLines: true, skipComments: true }],
       "max-lines-per-function": ["error", { max: 561 }],
       "no-loss-of-precision": "error",
       "no-multi-spaces": "error",
diff --git a/resources/sprites/trainCarriage.png b/resources/sprites/trainCarriage.png
index 0040e6f89..46da0f7be 100644
Binary files a/resources/sprites/trainCarriage.png and b/resources/sprites/trainCarriage.png differ
diff --git a/resources/sprites/trainCarriageLoaded.png b/resources/sprites/trainCarriageLoaded.png
index c4ddc111a..350f6d2d6 100644
Binary files a/resources/sprites/trainCarriageLoaded.png and b/resources/sprites/trainCarriageLoaded.png differ
diff --git a/resources/sprites/trainEngine.png b/resources/sprites/trainEngine.png
index 6d7974938..d883c8b5c 100644
Binary files a/resources/sprites/trainEngine.png and b/resources/sprites/trainEngine.png differ
diff --git a/src/client/TerritoryPatternsModal.ts b/src/client/TerritoryPatternsModal.ts
index c3a859171..483b89b28 100644
--- a/src/client/TerritoryPatternsModal.ts
+++ b/src/client/TerritoryPatternsModal.ts
@@ -66,6 +66,10 @@ export class TerritoryPatternsModal extends LitElement {
   }
 
   async onUserMe(userMeResponse: UserMeResponse | null) {
+    if (userMeResponse === null) {
+      this.userSettings.setSelectedPattern(undefined);
+      this.selectedPattern = undefined;
+    }
     this.patterns = await patterns(userMeResponse);
     this.me = userMeResponse;
     this.requestUpdate();
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ export class TerritoryPatternsModal extends LitElement {
           @mouseleave=${() => this.handleMouseLeave()}
         >
           <div class="text-sm font-bold mb-1">
-            ${translateText(`territory_patterns.pattern.${pattern.name}`)}
+            ${translatePatternName("territory_patterns.pattern", pattern.name)}
           </div>
           <div
             class="preview-container"
@@ -419,3 +423,12 @@ export function generatePreviewDataUrl(
   patternCache.set(pattern, dataUrl);
   return dataUrl;
 }
+
+function translatePatternName(prefix: string, patternName: string): string {
+  const translation = translateText(`${prefix}.${patternName}`);
+  if (translation.startsWith(prefix)) {
+    // Translation was not found, fallback to pattern name
+    return patternName[0].toUpperCase() + patternName.substring(1);
+  }
+  return translation;
+}
diff --git a/src/client/graphics/layers/EventsDisplay.ts b/src/client/graphics/layers/EventsDisplay.ts
index 4dcf860d3..498dc77e6 100644
--- a/src/client/graphics/layers/EventsDisplay.ts
+++ b/src/client/graphics/layers/EventsDisplay.ts
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ type GameEvent = {
   duration?: Tick;
   focusID?: number;
   unitView?: UnitView;
+  shouldDelete?: (game: GameView) => boolean;
 };
 
 @customElement("events-display")
@@ -205,7 +206,8 @@ export class EventsDisplay extends LitElement implements Layer {
     let remainingEvents = this.events.filter((event) => {
       if (this.game === undefined) return;
       const shouldKeep =
-        this.game.ticks() - event.createdAt < (event.duration ?? 600);
+        this.game.ticks() - event.createdAt < (event.duration ?? 600) &&
+        !event.shouldDelete?.(this.game);
       if (!shouldKeep && event.onDelete) {
         event.onDelete();
       }
@@ -468,18 +470,13 @@ export class EventsDisplay extends LitElement implements Layer {
         },
       ],
       createdAt: this.game.ticks(),
-      description: translateText("events_display.request_alliance", {
-        name: requestor.name(),
-      }),
-      duration: 150,
-      focusID: update.requestorID,
-      highlight: true,
-      onDelete: () =>
-        this.eventBus?.emit(
-          new SendAllianceReplyIntentEvent(requestor, recipient, false),
-        ),
       priority: 0,
-      type: MessageType.ALLIANCE_REQUEST,
+      duration: this.game.config().allianceRequestDuration() - 20, // 2 second buffer
+      shouldDelete: (game) => {
+        // Recipient sent a separate request, so they became allied without the recipient responding.
+        return requestor.isAlliedWith(recipient);
+      },
+      focusID: update.requestorID,
     });
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/configuration/ColorAllocator.ts b/src/core/configuration/ColorAllocator.ts
index 9c80ea4d5..a95e26159 100644
--- a/src/core/configuration/ColorAllocator.ts
+++ b/src/core/configuration/ColorAllocator.ts
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ export class ColorAllocator {
       case ColoredTeams.Bot:
         return botTeamColors;
       default:
-        throw new Error(`Unknown team color: ${team}`);
+        return [this.assignColor(team)];
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/configuration/Config.ts b/src/core/configuration/Config.ts
index 24780747b..4e32ca37c 100644
--- a/src/core/configuration/Config.ts
+++ b/src/core/configuration/Config.ts
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ export type Config = {
   shellLifetime(): number;
   boatMaxNumber(): number;
   allianceDuration(): Tick;
+  allianceRequestDuration(): Tick;
   allianceRequestCooldown(): Tick;
   temporaryEmbargoDuration(): Tick;
   targetDuration(): Tick;
diff --git a/src/core/configuration/DefaultConfig.ts b/src/core/configuration/DefaultConfig.ts
index 6a3eb2404..9f6eb2375 100644
--- a/src/core/configuration/DefaultConfig.ts
+++ b/src/core/configuration/DefaultConfig.ts
@@ -532,6 +532,9 @@ export class DefaultConfig implements Config {
   targetCooldown(): Tick {
     return 15 * 10;
   }
+  allianceRequestDuration(): Tick {
+    return 20 * 10;
+  }
   allianceRequestCooldown(): Tick {
     return 30 * 10;
   }
diff --git a/src/core/execution/CityExecution.ts b/src/core/execution/CityExecution.ts
index 863ba716e..69d39977d 100644
--- a/src/core/execution/CityExecution.ts
+++ b/src/core/execution/CityExecution.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ export class CityExecution implements Execution {
         this.city.tile(),
         this.mg.config().trainStationMaxRange(),
         UnitType.Factory,
-        this.player.id(),
       );
       if (nearbyFactory) {
         this.mg.addExecution(new TrainStationExecution(this.city));
diff --git a/src/core/execution/PortExecution.ts b/src/core/execution/PortExecution.ts
index 9395564f4..7dcff805d 100644
--- a/src/core/execution/PortExecution.ts
+++ b/src/core/execution/PortExecution.ts
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ export class PortExecution implements Execution {
         this.port.tile(),
         this.mg.config().trainStationMaxRange(),
         UnitType.Factory,
-        this.player.id(),
       );
       if (nearbyFactory) {
         this.mg.addExecution(new TrainStationExecution(this.port));
diff --git a/src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestExecution.ts b/src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestExecution.ts
index ee2e929a3..9ae7cbdfb 100644
--- a/src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestExecution.ts
+++ b/src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestExecution.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
-import { Execution, Game, Player, PlayerID } from "../../game/Game";
+import {
+  AllianceRequest,
+  Execution,
+  Game,
+  Player,
+  PlayerID,
+} from "../../game/Game";
 
 export class AllianceRequestExecution implements Execution {
+  private req: AllianceRequest | null = null;
   private active = true;
-  private recipient: Player | null = null;
+  private mg: Game | undefined;
 
   constructor(
     private readonly requestor: Player,
@@ -10,29 +17,50 @@ export class AllianceRequestExecution implements Execution {
   ) {}
 
   init(mg: Game, ticks: number): void {
+    this.mg = mg;
     if (!mg.hasPlayer(this.recipientID)) {
       console.warn(
         `AllianceRequestExecution recipient ${this.recipientID} not found`,
       );
-      this.active = false;
       return;
     }
 
-    this.recipient = mg.player(this.recipientID);
+    const recipient = mg.player(this.recipientID);
+
+    if (!this.requestor.canSendAllianceRequest(recipient)) {
+      console.warn("cannot send alliance request");
+      this.active = false;
+    } else {
+      const incoming = recipient
+        .outgoingAllianceRequests()
+        .find((r) => r.recipient() === this.requestor);
+      if (incoming) {
+        // If the recipient already has pending alliance request,
+        // then accept it instead of creating a new one.
+        this.active = false;
+        incoming.accept();
+      } else {
+        this.req = this.requestor.createAllianceRequest(recipient);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   tick(ticks: number): void {
-    if (this.recipient === null) {
-      throw new Error("Not initialized");
+    if (
+      this.req?.status() === "accepted" ||
+      this.req?.status() === "rejected"
+    ) {
+      this.active = false;
+      return;
     }
-    if (this.requestor.isFriendly(this.recipient)) {
-      console.warn("already allied");
-    } else if (!this.requestor.canSendAllianceRequest(this.recipient)) {
-      console.warn("recent or pending alliance request");
-    } else {
-      this.requestor.createAllianceRequest(this.recipient);
+    if (this.mg === undefined) throw new Error("Not initialized");
+    if (
+      this.mg.ticks() - (this.req?.createdAt() ?? 0) >
+      this.mg.config().allianceRequestDuration()
+    ) {
+      this.req?.reject();
+      this.active = false;
     }
-    this.active = false;
   }
 
   isActive(): boolean {
diff --git a/src/core/game/AllianceRequestImpl.ts b/src/core/game/AllianceRequestImpl.ts
index e26c8df9b..23d717add 100644
--- a/src/core/game/AllianceRequestImpl.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/AllianceRequestImpl.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { GameImpl } from "./GameImpl";
 import { AllianceRequestUpdate, GameUpdateType } from "./GameUpdates";
 
 export class AllianceRequestImpl implements AllianceRequest {
+  private status_: "pending" | "accepted" | "rejected" = "pending";
+
   constructor(
     private readonly requestor_: Player,
     private readonly recipient_: Player,
@@ -10,6 +12,10 @@ export class AllianceRequestImpl implements AllianceRequest {
     private readonly game: GameImpl,
   ) {}
 
+  status(): "pending" | "accepted" | "rejected" {
+    return this.status_;
+  }
+
   requestor(): Player {
     return this.requestor_;
   }
@@ -23,9 +29,11 @@ export class AllianceRequestImpl implements AllianceRequest {
   }
 
   accept(): void {
+    this.status_ = "accepted";
     this.game.acceptAllianceRequest(this);
   }
   reject(): void {
+    this.status_ = "rejected";
     this.game.rejectAllianceRequest(this);
   }
 
diff --git a/src/core/game/Game.ts b/src/core/game/Game.ts
index 3dcd4af83..70434288d 100644
--- a/src/core/game/Game.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/Game.ts
@@ -352,6 +352,7 @@ export type AllianceRequest = {
   requestor(): Player;
   recipient(): Player;
   createdAt(): Tick;
+  status(): "pending" | "accepted" | "rejected";
 };
 
 export type Alliance = {
@@ -670,7 +671,7 @@ export type Game = {
     tile: TileRef,
     searchRange: number,
     type: UnitType,
-    playerId: PlayerID,
+    playerId?: PlayerID,
   ): boolean;
   nearbyUnits(
     tile: TileRef,
diff --git a/src/core/game/GameImpl.ts b/src/core/game/GameImpl.ts
index e0c4aa776..dca0dcee7 100644
--- a/src/core/game/GameImpl.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/GameImpl.ts
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ export class GameImpl implements Game {
     tile: TileRef,
     searchRange: number,
     type: UnitType,
-    playerId: PlayerID,
+    playerId?: PlayerID,
   ) {
     return this.unitGrid.hasUnitNearby(tile, searchRange, type, playerId);
   }
diff --git a/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts b/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
index 2851e99b3..db931ebcf 100644
--- a/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/PlayerImpl.ts
@@ -396,9 +396,9 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
       return false;
     }
 
-    const hasPending =
-      this.incomingAllianceRequests().some((ar) => ar.requestor() === other) ||
-      this.outgoingAllianceRequests().some((ar) => ar.recipient() === other);
+    const hasPending = this.outgoingAllianceRequests().some(
+      (ar) => ar.recipient() === other,
+    );
 
     if (hasPending) {
       return false;
@@ -555,6 +555,9 @@ export class PlayerImpl implements Player {
   }
 
   canSendEmoji(recipient: Player | typeof AllPlayers): boolean {
+    if (recipient === this) {
+      return false;
+    }
     const recipientID =
       recipient === AllPlayers ? AllPlayers : recipient.smallID();
     const prevMsgs = this.outgoingEmojis_.filter(
diff --git a/src/core/game/UnitGrid.ts b/src/core/game/UnitGrid.ts
index 0a965eaa0..b790c2a82 100644
--- a/src/core/game/UnitGrid.ts
+++ b/src/core/game/UnitGrid.ts
@@ -170,12 +170,28 @@ export class UnitGrid {
     return nearby;
   }
 
+  private unitIsInRange(
+    unit: Unit | UnitView,
+    tile: TileRef,
+    rangeSquared: number,
+    playerId?: PlayerID,
+  ): boolean {
+    if (!unit.isActive()) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (playerId !== undefined && unit.owner().id() !== playerId) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    const distSquared = this.squaredDistanceFromTile(unit, tile);
+    return distSquared <= rangeSquared;
+  }
+
   // Return true if it finds an owned specific unit in range
   hasUnitNearby(
     tile: TileRef,
     searchRange: number,
     type: UnitType,
-    playerId: PlayerID,
+    playerId?: PlayerID,
   ): boolean {
     const { startGridX, endGridX, startGridY, endGridY } = this.getCellsInRange(
       tile,
@@ -187,11 +203,8 @@ export class UnitGrid {
         const unitSet = this.grid[cy][cx].get(type);
         if (unitSet === undefined) continue;
         for (const unit of unitSet) {
-          if (unit.owner().id() === playerId && unit.isActive()) {
-            const distSquared = this.squaredDistanceFromTile(unit, tile);
-            if (distSquared <= rangeSquared) {
-              return true;
-            }
+          if (this.unitIsInRange(unit, tile, rangeSquared, playerId)) {
+            return true;
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/src/server/MapPlaylist.ts b/src/server/MapPlaylist.ts
index 66538895d..ef2e57456 100644
--- a/src/server/MapPlaylist.ts
+++ b/src/server/MapPlaylist.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ const frequency: Partial<Record<GameMapName, number>> = {
   SouthAmerica: 5,
   StraitOfGibraltar: 5,
   World: 8,
-  Yenisei: 6,
 };
 
 type MapWithMode = {
diff --git a/tests/AllianceRequestExecution.test.ts b/tests/AllianceRequestExecution.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b6df1e657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/AllianceRequestExecution.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { Game, Player, PlayerType } from "../src/core/game/Game";
+import { playerInfo, setup } from "./util/Setup";
+import { AllianceRequestExecution } from "../src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestExecution";
+import { AllianceRequestReplyExecution } from "../src/core/execution/alliance/AllianceRequestReplyExecution";
+
+let game: Game;
+let player1: Player;
+let player2: Player;
+
+describe("AllianceRequestExecution", () => {
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    game = await setup(
+      "plains",
+      {
+        infiniteGold: true,
+        instantBuild: true,
+        infiniteTroops: true,
+      },
+      [
+        playerInfo("player1", PlayerType.Human),
+        playerInfo("player2", PlayerType.Human),
+        playerInfo("player3", PlayerType.FakeHuman),
+      ],
+    );
+
+    player1 = game.player("player1");
+    player1.conquer(game.ref(0, 0));
+
+    player2 = game.player("player2");
+    player2.conquer(game.ref(0, 1));
+
+    while (game.inSpawnPhase()) {
+      game.executeNextTick();
+    }
+  });
+
+  test("Can create alliance by replying", () => {
+    game.addExecution(new AllianceRequestExecution(player1, player2.id()));
+    game.executeNextTick();
+
+    game.addExecution(
+      new AllianceRequestReplyExecution(player1.id(), player2, true),
+    );
+    game.executeNextTick();
+    game.executeNextTick();
+
+    expect(player1.isAlliedWith(player2)).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(player2.isAlliedWith(player1)).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+
+  test("Can create alliance by sending alliance request back", () => {
+    game.addExecution(new AllianceRequestExecution(player1, player2.id()));
+    game.executeNextTick();
+
+    game.addExecution(new AllianceRequestExecution(player2, player1.id()));
+    game.executeNextTick();
+
+    expect(player1.isAlliedWith(player2)).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(player2.isAlliedWith(player1)).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+
+  test("Alliance request expires", () => {
+    game.config().allianceRequestDuration = () => 5;
+    game.addExecution(new AllianceRequestExecution(player1, player2.id()));
+    game.executeNextTick();
+
+    expect(player1.outgoingAllianceRequests()).toHaveLength(1);
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+      game.executeNextTick();
+    }
+
+    expect(player1.outgoingAllianceRequests()).toHaveLength(0);
+    expect(player1.isAlliedWith(player2)).toBeFalsy();
+    expect(player2.isAlliedWith(player1)).toBeFalsy();
+  });
+});